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Branches of Vagus nerve
(shared by Taishan Medical University )
"APE-SCRAP"
A- Auricular nerve
P- Pharyngeal nerve
E- Esophageal
plexus
S- Superior laryngeal nerve (Gives internal 'sensory' and external 'motor' LN)
C- Cardiac branches
R- Recurrent laryngeal nerve
A- Anterior Vagal Trunk
P- Posterior Vagal Trunk
Sperm pathway through male reproductive tract
SEVEN UP:
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Nothing
Urethra
Penis
Broad ligament: contents
BROAD:
Bundle (ovarian neurovascular bundle)
Round ligament
Ovarian ligament
Artefacts (vestigial structures)
Duct (oviduct)
Scrotum layers
"Some Damn Englishmen Called It The Testis":
• From superficial to deep:
Skin
Dartos
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis
Testis
Diaphragm apertures: Spinal levels
"AEI-OU"
Aorta: T12
Esophagus: T10
Inferior Vene cava: T8
OU can be used to remember that its On moving Up from T12.
Or,
"Voice Of America"
In order, from lower to higher vertebral levels
Bifurcation vertebral landmarks
A bifurcation occurs on 4th level of each vertebral column:
C4: bifurcation of common carotid artery
T4: bifurcation of trachea
L4: bifurcation of aorta
External jugular vein: tributaries
PAST:
Posterior external jugular vein
Anterior jugular vein
Suprascapular vein
Transverse cervical vein
CRANIAL NERVES
"PEST OF 6":
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
• The 6 just reminds that there's 6 of them to remember.
Abdominal muscles
"Spare TIRE around their abdomen":
Transversus abdominis
Internal abdominal oblique
Rectus abdominis
External abdominal oblique
Inguinal canal: walls
"MALT: 2M, 2A, 2L, 2T":
• Starting from superior, moving around in order to posterior:
Superior wall (roof): 2 Muscles:
• internal oblique Muscle
• transverse abdominus Muscle
Anterior wall: 2 Aponeuroses:
• Aponeurosis of external oblique
• Aponeurosis of internal oblique
Lower wall (floor): 2 Ligaments:
• inguinal Ligament
• lacunar Ligament
Posterior wall: 2Ts:
• Transversalis fascia
• conjoint Tendon
Femoral artery deep branches
"Put My Leg Down Please":
Profundus femoris (deep femoral artery)
Medial circumflex femoral artery
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Descending genicular arteries
Perforating arteries
Intrinsic muscles of hand (palmar surface)
"All For One And One For All":
• Thenar:
Abductor pollicis longus
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis.
• Hypothenar:
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Heart valves: order in circuit
"First learn a Tricycle, then learn a Bicycle":
Flow through Tricuspid first, then Bicuspid.
Extraocular muscles: movements
"ObliqLiques cause lateral rotation of eyeball":
• Obliques cause lateral, all other rectii are medial rotators of the eyeball.
Action of the obliques is opposite to their names.
Action of the rectii is rightly fitting to their names.
Both superiors cause intorsion and both inferiors cause extorsion.
Supination vs. pronation
"SOUPination": Supination is to turn your arm palm up, as if you are holding a bowl of soup.
"POUR-nation": Pronation is to turn your arm with the palm down, as if you arepouring out whatever is your bowl.
Tibia: muscles of pes anserinus (the muscles attached to tibia's medial side)
"A Girl between Two Surgeons":
Gracilus is between
Sartorius and
Semitendonosus
Scalp: nerve supply
GLASS:
Greater occipital/ Greater auricular
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital
Bell's palsy: symptoms
BELL'S Palsy:
Blink reflex abnormal
Earache
Lacrimation [deficient, excess]
Loss of taste
Sudden onset
Palsy of VII nerve muscles
Coelic trunk: branches
Left Hand Side (LHS):
Left gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Carpal tunnel syndrome: causes
TRAMP:
Trauma (occupational)
Rheumatiod arthritis
Acromegaly
Myxoedema
Pregnancy
• Alternatively: ARMPIT to include Idiopathic.
Foramen ovale contents
OVALE:
Otic ganglion (just inferior)
V3 cranial nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary
Ossification ages
"Every Potential Anatomist Should Know When"
• When they ossify, in order of increasing year:
Elbow: 16 years
Pelvis, Ankle: 17 years
Shoulder, Knee: 18 years
Wrist: 19 years
Leg: anterior muscles of leg
"The Hospitals Are Not Dirty Places":
T: Tibialis anterior
H: extensor Hallucis longus
A: anterior tibial Artery
N: deep fibular Nerve
D: extensor Digitorum longus
P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis tertius]
Cubital fossa contents
MBBR:
• From medial to lateral:
Median nerve
Brachial artery
Biceps tendon
Radial nerve
Atrioventricular valves
" RAT in LAB":
Left Atrium: Bicuspid
Right Atrium: Tricuspid
(shared by Taishan Medical University )
"APE-SCRAP"
A- Auricular nerve
P- Pharyngeal nerve
E- Esophageal
plexus
S- Superior laryngeal nerve (Gives internal 'sensory' and external 'motor' LN)
C- Cardiac branches
R- Recurrent laryngeal nerve
A- Anterior Vagal Trunk
P- Posterior Vagal Trunk
Sperm pathway through male reproductive tract
SEVEN UP:
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Nothing
Urethra
Penis
Broad ligament: contents
BROAD:
Bundle (ovarian neurovascular bundle)
Round ligament
Ovarian ligament
Artefacts (vestigial structures)
Duct (oviduct)
Scrotum layers
"Some Damn Englishmen Called It The Testis":
• From superficial to deep:
Skin
Dartos
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis
Testis
Diaphragm apertures: Spinal levels
"AEI-OU"
Aorta: T12
Esophagus: T10
Inferior Vene cava: T8
OU can be used to remember that its On moving Up from T12.
Or,
"Voice Of America"
In order, from lower to higher vertebral levels
Bifurcation vertebral landmarks
A bifurcation occurs on 4th level of each vertebral column:
C4: bifurcation of common carotid artery
T4: bifurcation of trachea
L4: bifurcation of aorta
External jugular vein: tributaries
PAST:
Posterior external jugular vein
Anterior jugular vein
Suprascapular vein
Transverse cervical vein
CRANIAL NERVES
"PEST OF 6":
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
• The 6 just reminds that there's 6 of them to remember.
Abdominal muscles
"Spare TIRE around their abdomen":
Transversus abdominis
Internal abdominal oblique
Rectus abdominis
External abdominal oblique
Inguinal canal: walls
"MALT: 2M, 2A, 2L, 2T":
• Starting from superior, moving around in order to posterior:
Superior wall (roof): 2 Muscles:
• internal oblique Muscle
• transverse abdominus Muscle
Anterior wall: 2 Aponeuroses:
• Aponeurosis of external oblique
• Aponeurosis of internal oblique
Lower wall (floor): 2 Ligaments:
• inguinal Ligament
• lacunar Ligament
Posterior wall: 2Ts:
• Transversalis fascia
• conjoint Tendon
Femoral artery deep branches
"Put My Leg Down Please":
Profundus femoris (deep femoral artery)
Medial circumflex femoral artery
Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Descending genicular arteries
Perforating arteries
Intrinsic muscles of hand (palmar surface)
"All For One And One For All":
• Thenar:
Abductor pollicis longus
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis.
• Hypothenar:
Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Heart valves: order in circuit
"First learn a Tricycle, then learn a Bicycle":
Flow through Tricuspid first, then Bicuspid.
Extraocular muscles: movements
"ObliqLiques cause lateral rotation of eyeball":
• Obliques cause lateral, all other rectii are medial rotators of the eyeball.
Action of the obliques is opposite to their names.
Action of the rectii is rightly fitting to their names.
Both superiors cause intorsion and both inferiors cause extorsion.
Supination vs. pronation
"SOUPination": Supination is to turn your arm palm up, as if you are holding a bowl of soup.
"POUR-nation": Pronation is to turn your arm with the palm down, as if you arepouring out whatever is your bowl.
Tibia: muscles of pes anserinus (the muscles attached to tibia's medial side)
"A Girl between Two Surgeons":
Gracilus is between
Sartorius and
Semitendonosus
Scalp: nerve supply
GLASS:
Greater occipital/ Greater auricular
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supratrochlear
Supraorbital
Bell's palsy: symptoms
BELL'S Palsy:
Blink reflex abnormal
Earache
Lacrimation [deficient, excess]
Loss of taste
Sudden onset
Palsy of VII nerve muscles
Coelic trunk: branches
Left Hand Side (LHS):
Left gastric artery
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Carpal tunnel syndrome: causes
TRAMP:
Trauma (occupational)
Rheumatiod arthritis
Acromegaly
Myxoedema
Pregnancy
• Alternatively: ARMPIT to include Idiopathic.
Foramen ovale contents
OVALE:
Otic ganglion (just inferior)
V3 cranial nerve
Accessory meningeal artery
Lesser petrosal nerve
Emissary
Ossification ages
"Every Potential Anatomist Should Know When"
• When they ossify, in order of increasing year:
Elbow: 16 years
Pelvis, Ankle: 17 years
Shoulder, Knee: 18 years
Wrist: 19 years
Leg: anterior muscles of leg
"The Hospitals Are Not Dirty Places":
T: Tibialis anterior
H: extensor Hallucis longus
A: anterior tibial Artery
N: deep fibular Nerve
D: extensor Digitorum longus
P: Peronius tertius [aka fibularis tertius]
Cubital fossa contents
MBBR:
• From medial to lateral:
Median nerve
Brachial artery
Biceps tendon
Radial nerve
Atrioventricular valves
" RAT in LAB":
Left Atrium: Bicuspid
Right Atrium: Tricuspid
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